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[Tempest] Nouvel Avion de Combat Britannique En Partenariat !


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On 7/27/2024 at 8:03 PM, Claudio Lopez said:

Pourquoi des collaborations industrielles qui ont réussi dans le civil : Airbus, Ariane, n'arrivent pas à être reproduit dans le monde militaire quand il y a plus de 2 partenaires ?

quelques bémols : Airbus civil est d'avantage issue de fusions/acquisitions que de partenariats, non sans heurts et casses d'ailleurs.

Ariane est l'exemple même du partenariat cancérigène qui a fait perdre sa place mondiale au groupe dès lors qu'il a fallu créer de nouveaux produits (voir fait monter en compétences fortes des sociétés qui maintenant font du lobbying extérieur en concurrence d'Ariane, sur des marchés Ariane. Et son fonctionnement intrinsèque a montré ses limites sur les évolutions de programmes / stratégies.

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il y a une heure, MatOpex38 a dit :

ça ressemble à un design d'airbus d'il y a 15 ans 

C’est juste un drone Banshee. Ca vole depuis 40 ans

Navy3-13.jpg

Modifié par Titus K
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Il y a 2 heures, Titus K a dit :

C’est juste un drone Banshee. Ca vole depuis 40 ans

Ils ne disent pas le contraire, ils disent dans l'article que ce qui est nouveau c'est "a crewed/uncrewed teaming test earlier this year that saw their BAe146 tested control 3 Banshee UAVs (2 real, 1 virtual) as a mini-swarm in UKs first air-to-air Loyal Wingman test. "

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leurs meilleurs amis les conseillent, the special "relationship"  qu'au lieu de faire un nouveau raptor ils devraient acheter l'ancien, comme ils ne peuvent pas se payer le GCAP

https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/forget-fcas-6th-generation-fighters-f-22-raptor-needs-make-comeback-212074

rohh lolo si les allemands lisent ça, ils se retirent de suite  du scaf, c'est aussi leurs amis :bloblaugh:

 

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Bill Sweetman analyse le revamped GCAP:

https://www.aerosociety.com/news/gcap-analysed-not-a-traditional-fighter/

Citation

Stealth expert and veteran aerospace journalist BILL SWEETMAN turns his eye on the latest configuration of the Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP) fighter revealed at the Farnborough Air Show. What does the big delta tell us about its likely mission and performance?

What should be surprising about the latest Global Combat Aircraft Programme (GCAP) configuration, unveiled at Farnborough in monster-Airfix form, is not that it’s a moderately-swept classic delta but that nobody (other than Boeing, with the X-32) has designed a stealth combat aircraft that way before.

I like Big Deltas And I Cannot Lie

The new GCAP configuration on display at Farnborough Air Show. (Tim Robinson/RAeS) 

GCAP has been described as one-third bigger than Typhoon, which on the basis of empty weight is about F-15-size. Guesses at the overall length fall around 65ft. The delta wing is enormous, swept 50 deg on the leading edge and (if the length estimates are right) spanning 54ft, with an eye-popping gross area of 1200 sq ft – about 10% smaller than the A320 wing.

The classic 1950s delta, typified by Convair’s interceptors and the Mirage III, was swept 60 deg and was all about low transonic and supersonic drag, and was light, resistant to flutter, and reluctant to stall and spin.

The argument against deltas was that they had one manoeuvre in them; they could make a high-g turn, but the short wingspan and the downforce required from the elevons bled a lot of energy. The Mirage 2000 and 4000, with relaxed stability, were an improvement, but Dassault went to canards.

The new age of deltas started about the same time as the Euro-canards. Around 1981, F-16 designer Harry Hillaker adapted a NASA-developed supersonic transport wing, a more complex version of the Saab Draken’s double-delta, to a stretched F-16 fuselage.

It turned into the F-16XL, sold on the basis of payload, range and speed in a subsonic attack mission. The deep-section wing and longer fuselage boosted fuel capacity by 80%, and tandem weapon carriage (bombs drafting behind one another like cyclists) eliminated high-drag multiple racks.

The F-16XL had the bad luck to need a more powerful engine, at a point when Pratt & Whitney’s alligator-infested West Palm Beach division was having trouble curing the standard F100’s two minor flaws (the first was that it would stop working and the second was that it would not start again). The F-15E got the Dual Role Fighter contract.

In 1987, Defence Secretary Caspar Weinberger fretted that the new generation of stealthy US aircraft would be unexportable, and directed GD and McDonnell Douglas to look at improvements to the F-16 and F-18.

F-16U - a Delta Viper

The proposed F-16U - (Bill Sweetman)

This got us the Mitsubishi F-2 and the Super Hornet, but GD also looked at another delta, dubbed Falcon 21. This emerged as a radical redesign pitched at the United Arab Emirates.

The F-16U had a plain 48-deg. swept delta wing but the same 56-inch stretch as the XL. The argument was the same: more fuel, no external tanks needed, low-drag weapon carriage. It was to have an active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar and built-in electro-optics.

We know what the F-16U looks like because someone left a display model unattended at IDEX in 1995, when I was passing by and packing a camera. If you think that aircraft looks good, you should have seen the other model I saw, with the diverterless inlet tested in 1997, chevron nozzle and full Have Glass LO kit. Absolute beast.

Later I was told that the UAE was ready to go but had one condition: the USAF had to buy a wing’s worth of aircraft. No dice: the USAF doctrine of the day was that the future was F-22-level stealth. Eventually the UAE got the avionics, but not the airframe, in the Block 60 F-16E/F.

Look at the F-16U and the GCAP design: the proportions and sweep angles are very similar. Which is when you realize that a big, thick (thicc?) delta wing makes sense for a stealth combat aircraft, which needs to have volume in its fuselage for weapons, and can’t easily carry external tanks – even if the pylons are punched off with the tanks, hardpoints and plumbing are likely to compromise stealth.

Bigger wing - more fuel

The Boeing X-32 lost out to the Lockheed Martin X-35. (Boeing) 

X-32 again. The hapless Boeing design took much abuse, and its STOVL concept didn’t work too well, but as the Deputy Program Manager (chap named Muilenburg, anyone know what happened to him?) told me, the one-piece wing could hold 20,000lbs of fuel. Same shape as the GCAP wing, but much smaller.

So, lots of fuel – for an F-15-size aircraft, 30,000lbs or more would not be hard, for an 0.40 fuel fraction, entirely at odds with British fighter tradition.

But you also have all that span (12ft more than the mighty Ego Jet) and span loading is important to induced drag and range. Dan Raymer, in his standard text on conceptual design, points out that people often get this wrong and think that high aspect ratio is the path to aerodynamic efficiency, but what is important is the ratio of span to wetted area. Dan’s classic comparison is the “cigar and popsicle stick” Boeing B-47, compared to the Vulcan. The Vulcan has the same wetted area and a lower wing loading, which is why it could turn inside a contemporary fighter at high altitude.

My guess from the sweep angle and wing size is that GCAP is not designed to supercruise. Sustained flight and manoeuvre at supersonic speed had merit when Advanced Tactical Fighter Program Director, Al Piccirillo and his team were starting on the path which led to the F-22. Together with high altitude, they shrank the engagement envelope of surface-to-air missiles.

But infra-red search and track (IRST) has entered the chat, as team GCAP knows better than most. IRST has challenges, the biggest being that dialing up sensitivity can lead to unacceptable false-alarm rates. The USAF dropped IRST from F-22 and US technology stalled, but the RAF believed in it as a counter to RF jamming and made it a priority on Typhoon. The consortium developing the Pirate IRST, all now part of Leonardo, made it work. F-22s have been detected and tracked since the early 2010s.

Against IRST, you don’t want to be hot, and supercruise not only makes you hot but makes your IR signature unique. It requires either a compromised engine – the F-22 engine is the former, with higher than desirable fuel burn at subsonic speed – or an expensive and complex adaptive engine.

Another thing that has a powerful and distinctive thermal signature? A high-energy vortex tube, a characteristic of high-span-loading aircraft like the F-35. GCAP’s big wing will help here.

Speaking of heat: there is a big emphasis on secondary power and thermal management in GCAP, and it may be both offensive and defensive. Defensive, because reducing thermal signature is important.

Offensive EW

Does GCAP have new electronic warfare tricks up its sleeve? (BAE Systems)

Offensive? Connect some dots. The UK, with QinetiQ in the lead, has been playing with high-power microwave (HPM) technology since at least the early 2000s. There were reports of a proposal in 2006 to test a reusable HPM generator on a BQM-145 drone. Leonardo and UK MoD took a separate and expensive path on AESA technology through the Bright Adder demo and the ECRS Mk 2 radar. Now GCAP needs two megawatt-class integrated generators in its engines.

HPM is more than jamming. It can leave radio-frequency systems compromised even after the 'non-kinetic effect' (part of the program’s ISANKE, Integrated Sensing and Non-Kinetic Effects, acronym) has switched off. It can affect systems without going through their antennas, a phenomenon known as back-door coupling. (No, really.)

So, GCAP is different. And doesn’t need a lot of new technology to work, and what it needs has been under development for a while. It’s not a traditional fighter and that may be a good thing, because some fighter wisdom – such as every type doing every mission - has not been examined for too long.

Is it too early to call it Vulcan II?

Bill Sweetman
30 July 2024

 

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Après tout, alors que le chasseur-bombardier FB-22 a été proposé pour compléter les F-22 spécialisés air-air de l'armée de l'air, le GCAP devrait être tout aussi compétent dans les deux rôles. Néanmoins, la conception révisée indique que les concepteurs du GCAP ont tendance à amoindrir une partie de l'agilité (utilisée lors des combats aériens avec des chasseurs ennemis à portée visuelle) contre une plus grande portée et une plus grande charge utile.

Ils avaient tord pour les 2 derniers avions qu'ils ont produit, concept complètement en décalage avec le contexte de la réalité opérationnelle du temps ou il est rentré en service..

 

Citation

La France et l'Allemagne mènent un programme FCAS distinct mais portant le même nom, avec des ambitions globalement similaires à celles du FCAS britannique, pour lequel l'Espagne et la Belgique sont déjà partenaires. 

le plus drôle c'est la condescendance 

Citation

 le NGAD pourrait finir par converger vers le bas pour être plus à égalité avec le GCAP. Curieusement, le GCAP était à l'origine présenté comme utilisant des moteurs à cycle adaptatif de pointe, le composant le plus souvent considéré (à tort ou à raison) comme étant à l'origine des coûts élevés prévus pour le NGAD.

Cependant, tout le monde n'est pas optimiste quant à l'avenir du GCAP. Justin Bronk, analyste de la puissance aérienne chez RUSI, affirme que le GCAP va occuper une part tellement importante du budget de défense du Royaume-Uni que la RAF sera incapable de régénérer ou de moderniser son aviation de combat actuelle au cours de la prochaine décennie, et que les estimations de coûts actuelles sont en fait extrêmement optimistes étant donné que l'Eurofighter Typhoon précédent a dépassé de 50 % son budget (après ajustement de l'inflation, de 23 à 34,5 milliards de livres pour le seul Royaume-Uni).

l'éléphant est blanc 

Citation

Pourquoi l'autonomie, la vitesse et la charge utile l'emportent sur la maniabilité?

bah parce qu'ils ne savent pas faire surtout, et les deux

https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a61709931/uk-italy-japan-gcap-sixth-generation-fighter-jet-details/

Modifié par MatOpex38
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